Endurance

28 articles

Sodium Loading Before Endurance Races: Protocol, Evidence, and Who BenefitsHydration

July 8, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Sodium Loading Before Endurance Races: Protocol, Evidence, and Who Benefits

Sodium loading 24 hours before a race can expand plasma volume by 300–500mL, delay hyponatremia risk, and improve thermoregulatory capacity. But the protocol matters — and it's not right for every athlete or event.

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Periodized Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: Fueling Different Training PhasesNutrition

July 7, 2026  ·  8 MIN

Periodized Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: Fueling Different Training Phases

The same diet that builds aerobic base in winter sabotages race-specific speed work in spring. Periodized nutrition aligns carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake with training phase demands — here's the framework.

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Omega-3 and Fish Oil for Endurance Athletes: A Complete Evidence ReviewNutrition

July 4, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Omega-3 and Fish Oil for Endurance Athletes: A Complete Evidence Review

Omega-3 fatty acids reduce post-exercise inflammation, improve heart function, and may directly enhance VO2max. Here's what the evidence shows, the optimal dose, and what most athletes miss about sourcing.

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Low-Carb and Keto for Endurance Athletes: What the Research Actually ShowsNutrition

June 29, 2026  ·  9 MIN

Low-Carb and Keto for Endurance Athletes: What the Research Actually Shows

Fat adaptation promises improved endurance, reduced bonking, and metabolic flexibility. The evidence is more nuanced — and more critical — than advocates acknowledge. Here's the honest analysis.

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Protein Timing for Endurance Athletes: When You Eat Protein Matters as Much as How MuchNutrition

June 26, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Protein Timing for Endurance Athletes: When You Eat Protein Matters as Much as How Much

Endurance athletes consistently underestimate their protein requirements — and those who meet daily targets often distribute them poorly. The timing, distribution, and source of protein across the day significantly impacts muscle repair, training adaptation, and recovery speed.

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Fueling for Back-to-Back Training Days: Nutrition Strategy for High-Volume BlocksNutrition

June 26, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Fueling for Back-to-Back Training Days: Nutrition Strategy for High-Volume Blocks

When training days stack consecutively — long run followed by quality session, or stage-race style training camps — recovery nutrition becomes a performance variable, not an afterthought. This guide covers the evidence-based fueling strategy for maintaining quality through back-to-back training days.

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Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: Foods That Speed RecoveryNutrition

June 25, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: Foods That Speed Recovery

Chronic low-grade inflammation is a silent performance limiter for many endurance athletes. Strategic dietary choices — specific fats, polyphenols, and phytonutrients — can reduce systemic inflammation, accelerate recovery, and lower long-term injury risk without compromising training adaptations.

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Breathing Techniques for Endurance Athletes: Optimising Respiratory Efficiency at Every IntensityTraining

June 25, 2026  ·  6 MIN

Breathing Techniques for Endurance Athletes: Optimising Respiratory Efficiency at Every Intensity

How you breathe during endurance exercise significantly affects respiratory efficiency, carbon dioxide tolerance, and perceived effort. Evidence-based breathing techniques can reduce the oxygen cost of breathing and improve performance — particularly during hard racing efforts.

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Mental Toughness in Endurance Sport: Evidence-Based Techniques for Racing Through SufferingTraining

June 24, 2026  ·  8 MIN

Mental Toughness in Endurance Sport: Evidence-Based Techniques for Racing Through Suffering

The ability to sustain effort during discomfort separates good athletes from great ones. Sports psychology research has identified specific, trainable mental skills that predict endurance performance — and you can practise every one of them in training before race day.

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Compression Socks for Endurance Athletes: What the Science Actually SaysRecovery

June 24, 2026  ·  6 MIN

Compression Socks for Endurance Athletes: What the Science Actually Says

Compression garments are among the most widely used — and most widely misunderstood — recovery tools in endurance sport. The evidence base is more nuanced than the marketing suggests, but there are specific contexts where compression delivers meaningful, measurable benefits.

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Cycling Hydration Strategy: How to Drink Smarter on the BikeHydration

June 22, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Cycling Hydration Strategy: How to Drink Smarter on the Bike

Studies of recreational cyclists in sportive events show that 60–80% finish with a measurable fluid deficit. The cooling effect of airflow masks sweat rate — making dehydration on the bike uniquely easy to underestimate.

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Protein for Endurance Athletes: How Much, When, and Why It MattersNutrition

June 20, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Protein for Endurance Athletes: How Much, When, and Why It Matters

Endurance athletes are chronically under-informed about protein requirements. New research shows runners and cyclists need significantly more than standard RDA guidelines — and timing it correctly doubles its effectiveness.

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Beetroot Juice and Nitrate Supplementation: What the Research Shows for Endurance AthletesNutrition

June 19, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Beetroot Juice and Nitrate Supplementation: What the Research Shows for Endurance Athletes

Dietary nitrate — found in beetroot juice and leafy greens — reduces the oxygen cost of exercise. Here's a comprehensive look at the evidence, optimal dosing, and who benefits most.

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HIIT for Endurance Athletes: High-Intensity Interval Training That Actually WorksTraining

June 18, 2026  ·  7 MIN

HIIT for Endurance Athletes: High-Intensity Interval Training That Actually Works

High-intensity interval training dramatically improves VO2max and lactate threshold in less time than traditional volume. Here's the evidence-based approach — protocols, scheduling, and when not to use it.

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Are You a Salty Sweater? How to Test Your Sweat Sodium and Fix Your Electrolyte StrategyHydration

June 16, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Are You a Salty Sweater? How to Test Your Sweat Sodium and Fix Your Electrolyte Strategy

Sweat sodium concentration varies 5× between individuals. The generic electrolyte advice that works for your training partner may leave you cramping or hyponatraemic. Here's how to find out which you are.

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Genetic Potential in Endurance Sport: What the Science SaysTraining

June 13, 2026  ·  8 MIN

Genetic Potential in Endurance Sport: What the Science Says

How much of your endurance performance is determined by genetics — and how much can training change? The answer is more nuanced than either fatalists or optimists suggest.

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Ultramarathon Nutrition: How to Fuel 50K to 100-Mile RacesNutrition

June 12, 2026  ·  9 MIN

Ultramarathon Nutrition: How to Fuel 50K to 100-Mile Races

Ultra nutrition is fundamentally different from marathon nutrition. Gels become intolerable. Real food becomes essential. And the longer you go, the more your strategy must evolve with you.

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Training Stress Score (TSS) Explained: How to Use It to Train SmarterTraining

June 10, 2026  ·  8 MIN

Training Stress Score (TSS) Explained: How to Use It to Train Smarter

TSS is the most precise way to quantify training load across different sessions and sports. Here's what it measures, how it's calculated, and how to use it to peak for your race.

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How Does VO2max Decline With Age — and Can Training Actually Slow It?Training

June 4, 2026  ·  9 MIN

How Does VO2max Decline With Age — and Can Training Actually Slow It?

Conventional wisdom says VO2max drops 10% per decade after 30. But for consistently training athletes, the picture is very different — and more encouraging.

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How to Fuel a 100km Bike Ride: A Gram-by-Gram BreakdownNutrition

May 12, 2026  ·  8 MIN

How to Fuel a 100km Bike Ride: A Gram-by-Gram Breakdown

A 100km ride burns 2,000–3,000 kcal. Most cyclists replace less than half. Here's a precise fueling framework based on power output, duration, and gut capacity.

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Caffeine for Athletic Performance: Timing, Dosage & What the Science SaysNutrition

April 21, 2026  ·  8 MIN

Caffeine for Athletic Performance: Timing, Dosage & What the Science Says

Caffeine is the world's most widely used performance enhancer — and one of the few that actually works. Here's the evidence-based protocol for athletes.

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Electrolytes for Athletes: What They Are and Why They MatterHydration

April 21, 2026  ·  8 MIN

Electrolytes for Athletes: What They Are and Why They Matter

Sodium, potassium, magnesium — what do electrolytes actually do during exercise? Here's the science behind the minerals that keep athletes performing.

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VO2 Max Explained: What It Is, How to Test It, and How to Improve ItTraining

April 21, 2026  ·  9 MIN

VO2 Max Explained: What It Is, How to Test It, and How to Improve It

VO2 max is the single best predictor of endurance performance. Here's what it measures, how to find yours — and the training methods proven to raise it.

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Energy Gel vs Energy Bar: Which Is Better for Endurance Athletes?Nutrition

April 14, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Energy Gel vs Energy Bar: Which Is Better for Endurance Athletes?

Gels or bars? Both deliver carbohydrates, but they behave very differently in your body during exercise. Here's how to choose the right fuel for your event.

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Signs You're Dehydrated During Exercise (And How to Fix It)Hydration

April 14, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Signs You're Dehydrated During Exercise (And How to Fix It)

Dehydration starts affecting your performance before you feel thirsty. Learn to recognise the early warning signs — and the recovery strategy that actually works.

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Zone 2 Training: The Complete Guide for Endurance AthletesTraining

April 14, 2026  ·  9 MIN

Zone 2 Training: The Complete Guide for Endurance Athletes

Zone 2 is the foundation of elite endurance training — but most amateur athletes spend too little time here. Here's how to train it correctly and why it works.

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Hydration Strategy for Endurance AthletesHydration

March 18, 2026  ·  7 MIN

Hydration Strategy for Endurance Athletes

Dehydration of just 2% body weight impairs performance by up to 20%. Here's a evidence-based framework for staying ahead of your fluid needs.

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The Science Behind Energy GelsNutrition

March 10, 2026  ·  6 MIN

The Science Behind Energy Gels

Understanding how energy gels work at a cellular level — and how to time them for peak performance during your race or training session.

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